Chapter 5 Managing the Oracle Instance

Describe the Stages of Database Startup and Shutdown
Starting and Connecting to Database Control
emctl start dbconsole
emctl stop dbconsole
emctl status dbconsole

https://hostname:port/em

Starting the Database Listener
lsnrctl start [listener_name, optional]
lsnrctl status [listener_name, optional]

Starting SQL Plus
sqlplus /nolog
connect /as sysdba (Operating System Authentication)
startup nomount (require initialization parameter file)
alter database mount (require controlfile)
alter database open (require datafiles, online redo logfiles)

startup mount
alter database open

startup (including nomount -> mount -> open)

shutdown (normal)
shutdown transactional
shutdown immediate
shutdown abort

Set Database Initialization Parameters
Static and Dynamic Parameters, and the Initialization Parameter File
v$parameter (instance memory)
v$spparameter (disk, server parameter file)

alter system set processes=200 scope=spfile; (Static parameter, need restart instance)

Dynamic Parameter options:
alter system set... scope=memory
alter system set... scope=spfile
alter system set... scope=both = alter system set...

Use the Alert Log and Trace Files
Location: BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST
Alert Log: startup/shutdown events, alter system, alter database, log switches/archives, etc
Trace Files: background processes errors

Use Dynamic Performance Views and Data Dictionary
v$ view are synonyms onto v_$ view
populated from instance, real time info (nomount, mount) e.g. V$INSTANCE, V$SYSSTAT
populated from controlfile (mount) e.g. V$DATABASE, V$DATAFILE

Data Dictionary
Stored as a set of segments (tables, indexes) in the SYSTEM and SYSAUX tablespaces.
PL/SQL package also stored in the database dictionary.

Views:
DBA_
ALL_
USER_

also got public synonyms with the same name.